Wikipedia russian revolution timeline

The Russian Revolution was a series of revolutions in the Russian Empire from to The events destroyed the tsarist autocracy and helped to create the Soviet Union, which lasted from to

The first revolution, the February Revolution got its name from the fact that in Russia, it happened on 28 February because the country still used the Julian calendar until , instead of the Gregorian calendar, which is used today and had the event on 8 March That day, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and was replaced with the socialistProvisional Government, led by Alexander Kerensky, which was meant to rule for a short time until the country became economically and politically stable again.

The second revolution, the October Revolution, was in October of the Julian calendar and so the term Red October is used to describe the events although they happened in November of the Gregorian calendar.

CommunistBolsheviks replaced the Provisional Government and later established the Soviet Union under the control of Vladimir Lenin. The royal family was put under house arrest, and it was shot and killed in July by the Bolsheviks.

Background

During the s, improvements in Russian industry caused substantially more jobs in cities, which made them larger as people moved there. The workers in the cities, with their increasing levels of education, began to develop an interest in politics and the creation of political parties to try to improve their lives. The conditions in which they lived and worked were horrible. Poor people from other parts of the Russian Empire like Poland and Ukraine also created their own parties to try stop the Russians from oppressing them.

That added to the people's anger, and after the tsar's guards fired at a peaceful protest of workers, a rebellion began. That did not really change anything, but Tsar Nicholas II promised to create an elected parliament, the Duma.

The Duma was elected fo

Russian Revolution in Dates

Jan Bloody Sunday - Tsarist troops open fire on a peaceful demonstration of workers in St Petersburg. October General Strike sweeps Russia which ends when the Tsar promises a constitution.

December In response to the suppression of the St Petersburg Soviet the Moscow Soviet organises a disastrous insurrection that the government suppresses after five days

The promised parliament, the Duma, is dissolved when it produces an anti government majority even though elected on a narrow franchise.

A new wave of workers unrest ends with the outbreak of the First World War

Feb After several days of demonstrations in Petrograd (formally St Petersburg) the government orders troops to open fire. The next day these troops mutiny. The Tsar abdicates when he hears that Moscow too has joined the Revolution. An agreement is reached between the Petrograd Soviet and the Provisional Government headed by Lvov.

March 12th Abolition of the death Penalty

April 18th Milyukov note. Milyukov tells allies that war aims unchanged.

April 20 - 21 The April Days. Opposition to the Foreign Minister Milyukov boils over due to his refusal to renounce annexations.

May Milyukov resigns. Members of the Mensheviks and the Socialist Revolutionaries join the government.

June 3 First All-Russia Congress of Workers and Soldiers Soviets opens.

June 18 Offensive launched by Russia against Austria Hungary.

July The July Days. (3rd and 4th) Workers and soldiers in Petrograd demand the Soviet takes power. Sporadic fighting results and the Soviet restores order with troops brought back from the front. Trotsky arrested. Lenin goes into hiding. A new provisional government is set up with Kerensky at it's head (8th).

July 12th Death Penalty reintroduced for the front.

Aug The Kornilov putsch. An attempt by General Kornilov to establish a right wing dictatorship is a disastrous flop. Chernov the leader of the Socialis

book by Leon Trotsky

History of the Russian Revolution is a three-volume book by Leon Trotsky on the Russian Revolution of The first volume is dedicated to the political history of the February Revolution and the October Revolution, to explain the relations between these two events. The book was initially published in Germany in It was originally published in Russian, but it was translated into English by Max Eastman in The English translation of the second volume, originally consisting of two parts, is split into two volumes. The book was considered anti-Stalinist in the Soviet Union and was not published in Russia until

Concept and creation

Leon Trotsky was a leading figure in the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in October He was expelled from the party and exiled by Joseph Stalin. In January , he was banished from the Soviet Union. During his exile period in Turkey, Trotsky wrote this book on the isle of Prinkipo.

The History of Russian Revolution tells the story of the February and October revolutions in Russia which took place in This book is important due to it being an account of a major historical event by a participant and theorist. When speaking of himself, Trotsky writes in the third person in order to avoid subjectivism stating that: "the subjective tone, inevitable in autobiographies or memoirs, is not permissible in a work of history." It is considered an important and unique work as a history of a major event written by someone who took a leading role in it.

The book is divided into three volumes:

• Volume I: The Overthrow of Tzarism
• Volume II: The Attempted Counter-Revolution
• Volume III: The Triumph of the Soviets

The Overthrow of Tzarism

This volume deals with the overthrow of tsarism in the February Revolution and the Provisional Government's attempts at ruling the country.

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