Shehu idris biography of williams

The history of Nigeria can be traced to the earliest inhabitants whose date remains at least 13,000 BC through the early civilizations such as the Nok culture which began around 1500 BC. Numerous ancient African civilizations settled in the region that is known today as Nigeria, such as the Kingdom of Nri, the Benin Kingdom, and the Oyo Empire.Islam reached Nigeria through the Bornu Empire between (1068 AD) and Hausa Kingdom during the 11th century, while Christianity came to Nigeria in the 15th century through Augustinian and Capuchin monks from Portugal to the Kingdom of Warri. The Songhai Empire also occupied part of the region. Through contact with Europeans, early harbour towns such as Calabar, Badagry and Bonny emerged along the coast after 1480, which did business in the transatlantic slave trade, among other things. Conflicts in the hinterland, such as the civil war in the Oyo Empire, meant that new enslaved people were constantly being "supplied".

After 1804, Usman dan Fodio unified an immense territory in his jihad against the superior but quarrelling Hausa states of the north, which was stabilised by his successors as the "Caliphate of Sokoto".

In its initial endeavour to stop the slave trade in West Africa, the United Kingdom gradually expanded its sphere of influence after 1851, starting from the tiny island of Lagos (3 km) and the port city of Calabar. The British followed expansive trading companies such as the RNC and missionaries such as Mary Slessor, who advanced into the hinterland, preached and founded missionary schools, but also took action against local customs such as the religiously induced killing of twins or servants of deceased village elders and against the Trial by ordeal as a means of establishing the legal truth. At the Berlin Congo Conference in 1885,

C O N F I D E N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 KADUNA 00365 LONDON FOR MCKINLEY; PARIS FOR PERL0W LAGOS PASS TO ABUJA E.O. 12356: DECL:OADR TAGS: KPRP, PINR, PGOV, ECON, NI SUBJECT: THE LAST GASP FROM KADUNA: WHO'S WHO 1. CONFIDENTIAL -- ENTIRE TEXT 2. THE FOLLOWING CABLE PROVIDES BIOGRAPHIC DATA REFLECTING THE CONSUL GENERAL'S CONTACTS THROUGHOUT THE NORTH OVER THE PAST THREE YEARS. THE SKETCHES DO NOT AIM TO REPRODUCE MATERIAL MOST LIKELY ALREADY AVAILABLE IN AF AND INR FILES, BUT RATHER TO GIVE IMPRESSIONS AND ASSESSMENTS OF CHARACTER AND OPINION. IT IS COMPLETED A HALF HOUR BEFORE CG'S DEPARTURE FOR RETIREMENT AND, THEREFORE, SUFFERED FROM LACK OF EDITING AND COMPLETENESS. PLEASE FORGIVE| HRADITIONALSRULERS ------------------ 3. IBRAHIM DASUKI, SULTAN OF SOKOTO. MUCH HAS BEEN WRITTEN ABOUT THE SULTAN, BUT IT IS PERHAPS WORTH REITERATING THAT HIS POPULARITY AS NOT RISEN IN THE FIVE YEARS SINCE HE HAS OCCUPIED THE THRONE. HIS LAVISH PALACE RENOVATIONS ARE VIEWED BY MANY AS TOTALLY AT ODDS WITH ISLAMIC INJUNCTION. HE IS A SMART, SOPHISTICATED MAN, BUT IT IS DIFFICULT TO DISCERN THE DEGREE OF VENALITY HE HAS CARRIED OVER FROM HIS BCCI DAYS AND HIS ASSOCIATION WITH GENERAL BABANGIDA, TO WHOM HE OWES HIS ELECTION TO THE THRONE. SEVERAL OF THE SULTAN'S SONS HAVE STUDIED IN THE UNITED STATES AND AT LEAST A COUPLE OF HAVE SECOND HOMES IN NORTHERN VIRGINIA. 4. ALHAJI SHEHU IDRIS, EMIR OF ZARIA. THE EMIR OF ZARIA, OR SARKIN ZAZZAU TO GIVE HIM HIS HAUSA TITLE, IS A FREQUENT INTERLOCUTOR OF EMBASSY AND CONSULATE PERSONNEL. HE LOOKS FOR EXCHANGES WITH FOREIGN DIPLOMATS ON BOTH POLITICAL QUESTIONS AND HIS EFFORTS TO PROMOTE INDUSTRY AND COMMERCE IN KADUNA STATE. HE IS DEEPLY DISTRUSTED BY THE CHRISTIAN COMMUNITIES IN SOUTHERN KADUNA STATE, WHO SEE HIM AS A MAJOR IMPEDIMENT TO THEIR ENJOYING FULL POLITICAL AND PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE STATE. NEVERTHELESS, WE HAVE ALWAYS ENJOYED EASY ACCESS TO THE EMIR WHO IS FRIENDLY AND AS OPEN AS

Nigerian civil servant

Alhaji Gidado Idris, GCON (15 March 1935 – 15 December 2017) was a Nigerian civil servant who served as the Secretary to the Government and Head of Service of the federation in Nigeria between the year 1995-1999, during the military regime of General Sani Abacha.

Background

Gidado Idris was born into a family of the Sokoto aristocracy. His name was originally Usman. Gidado, the name by which he was later known, is a Fulani word which means "the beloved". It is usually a nickname.

He derived it from his great grandfather Waziri Gidado dan Laima, the Sokoto Grand Vizier whose dynasty is known as the Gidadawa. Gidado dan Laima was married to Magajiya Halimatu (a daughter of Mallam Musa, the Emir of Zazzau). Another wife was Magajiya Nana Asma'u (a daughter of Sheikh Usman dan Fodio, the first Sultan of Sokoto).

Gidado was born and raised in Zaria, where his ancestors had immigrated at the death of their father Gidado dan Laima to rejoin their maternal family of Mallam Musa, who was serving at the time as the ruler of Zazzau. Their dynasty is known as the Mallawa in Zaria, Kaduna State.

Since then, the children of Magajiya Halimatu have continued to stay and hold traditional titles in Zaria. Gidado's father was Mallam Idris, the Maáji of Kaciya. Furthermore, his distant cousins - the descendants of Nana Asma'u - have remained the holders of the Sokoto Grand Vizier's title until date. The most notable among them in recent history is Waziri Muhammadu Junaidu.

Gidado had his early education in Zaria. He went to Zaria elementary School from 1942–46, and Zaria Middle School from 1952-1957. He later proceeded to the Institute of Administration, Zaria and University of Leeds in the United Kingdom. He joined the civil service before Nigeria's independence and was in that service until 1999.^[6]