Sejarah ibn taymiyyah poem

An unfortunate peculiarity that the poem shares with some of Ibn al-Qayyim's other works on Islamic Faith - is that it presents the reader with a false dilemma, namely - that one must either believe that Allah (God) has eyes, hands, a descending motion, and so forth, in a literal sense, or else one has nullified ('attala) or negated these Attributes. And this is erroneous, for the literal is that which corresponds to an expression’s primary lexical sense as ordinarily used in a language by the people who speak it, while the above words are clearly intended otherwise, in accordance with the [Qur'anic] verse (There is nothing whatsoever like unto Him) [42:11], for if the above were intended literally, there would be innumerable things like unto Him in such respect as having eyes, hands, motion, and so forth, in the literal meaning of these terms. The would-be dilemma is also far from the practice of the early Muslims, who used only to accept such [Qur'anic] verses and hadiths as they have come, consigning the knowledge of what is meant by them – while affirming the absolute Transcendence of Allah Most High above any resemblance to created things – to Allah Most High alone, without trying to determinately specify how they are meant (Bila Kayf), let alone suggesting people understand them literally as Ibn al-Qayyim tried to do.

INTRODUCTION

Poetry is an art built from creativeness and experiences in life. It is a mean of communication used to express emotions and experiences paved by its writer. Each poetry has its values, signs, and meanings. Poets use certain words creating signs to express their thoughts and emotions.

However, signs in poetry can lead to certain expressions and impressions that cause different comprehension by readers whereas the effects of poetry towards readers are never precise as they are elusive, evocative, and suggestive (Widdowson, 2000: p. 13;Johansen, 2002: p. 118-119). The elusiveness comes from the divergence of the reader hence, poets use ambiguous references or notion to achieve certain aims (Abdul Sattar, 2008: p. 801) that gives a characteristic feature of language may cause the differences.

As Sufis tend to use poetry as their means to convey mystical experiences and the bond they held with the Creator, certain words are used figuratively to describe the immaterial journey. These words are known as signs. Sign produces vague and obscure meanings for readers to comprehend, and Sufis have their own experiences hence, creating their signs varying these meanings. Therefore, this article aims to explore the signs used by the Sufis, especially Ibn ᶜArabi and Hamzah Fansuri, sages of Sufis, using semiotic analysis and to define the influence that could be existed between the two of them.

LITERATURE REVIEW

The utterances of poetry are made up of several signs. It is a semiosis, a sign action that in approaching it Charles Sanders Peirce's sign theory can be utilized. To interpret signs, Peirce originated the triadic relation that adopted the term semiosis. Peirce divided signs into icons, indices, and symbols. The distinction of each is based on the representation function (Johansen, 2002: p. 29-30). An iconic sign is a sign of every object to which they happen to be similar example images, diag